As part of a three-year, $5 million technology trends analysis program, Beta-Rubicon partnered with BearingPoint, Inc. (formerly KPMG Consulting) to conduct a study and produce a Technology Monitoring White Paper covering the biomanufacturing industry for the National Institutes of Standards and Technology's Advanced Technology Program (NIST-ATP). Beta-Rubicon recruited and managed a team of 16 leading experts in the field from academia and industry to complete the 5-month project. A comprehensive literature search and extensive industry interviews were performed to establish a baseline for the state-of-the-art in biomanufacturing, from which Beta-Rubicon's team of scientists and engineers extrapolated trends in technology and economics in the complex and rapidly evolving industry. Several important factors affecting the future of the industry were studied, including trends in drug discovery, product markets, regulation, workforce and training, ethics, bioterrorism, and parallel, developing technologies.